Investigating the principles and criteria of passive defense in the design of the underground city of Olya Kurd

Document Type : Original Article

Abstract

The architectural history of Islamic Iran is indicative of the values ​​that can lead to desirable patterns
Architecture and urban planning should be based on sustainability and continuity. One of the successful examples in Iran's urban development.
The phenomenon of underground cities. The cities that emerged with either security or religious purposes and are indicative of it
Defense and strategic considerations have been one of the most important factors in the formation of this type of architecture. Article
present with an emphasis on the architecture of the upper Kurdish underground city and the analysis of its architectural structural patterns in line with adaptation
He came up with the principles of passive defense architecture and analyzed these patterns. Essay with nature
Qualitative and descriptive-analytical method with emphasis on library method and field research regarding architecture
Underground cities are covered After examining the principles of passive defense architecture and applying and analyzing in the field of underground architecture
This is how sustainable patterns have been extracted from architecture. The results of the research show that the architecture of the underground city of Upper Kurdistan
which is placed in the category of hand-made architecture, it is necessarily formed based on the principles of security and regarding the location patterns, establishment, form structure,
Communication spaces and biological spaces and the geometry of moving spaces have a stable nature and adaptability based on the principles and criteria.
It has non-operating defense. And compared to other hand-made architectures, it can be a good and stable model for continuity in new structures
be placed in a city

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