Introduction
Urban and architectural spaces with various functions have platforms for creating sociable places and spaces, which include commercial centers. In the past, commercial centers played a role as traditional markets and today as malls or mega malls in cities for the life of cities and improving the quality of social interactions in addition to their commercial role. Also, it should be mentioned that architectural and urban spaces have an important role and influence in meeting the material and spiritual needs of citizens. On the other hand, the change in the structure of architectural spaces and urban planning has had an effect on the social interactions of citizens, which is one of the basic human needs, and this structural change is based on the theory of spatial configuration, which is based on the relationship between social behavior and the spatial structure of architectural and urban spaces. It is debatable. In the city of Qazvin, the bazaar was formed as one of the old markets of Iran and as the beating heart of this city during the Safavid era, and until now it has played a role as one of the main centers of social interactions in this city. The capabilities of accessibility, connectivity, readability, the combination of empty spaces and the different arrangement of spatial elements in the spatial configuration of this market have improved the quality of social interactions in this market and made it one of the lively public spaces in Qazvin city. Along with the success of traditional markets in forming and strengthening constructive social interactions; In order to respond to contemporary needs, contemporary commercial complexes played a role as one of the commercial spaces alongside the traditional markets.
Methodology
The current research is based on the nature and scope of the subject in the field of applied-developmental research, and in terms of the method of carrying out descriptive-analytical research. Quantitative analysis is also based on research survey studies based on weighted geographic regression model and normal regression model in examining the relationship between space layout components and the quality of social interactions in traditional and contemporary commercial spaces.
Results and discussion
In the traditional market of the city of Qazvin, the components of space layout accounted for 36% of the variance of social interactions, the Alborz commercial complex accounted for 42% of the variance of social interactions, and the Mehrumah complex accounted for 38% of the variance of social interactions, which means that the independent variable that includes space layout, It can explain the amount of changes in the quality of social interactions better and more. Also, on the basis of multivariable regression, the indicators of the space layout of the traditional market are 51%, Alborz commercial complex is 57%, and Mehromah is 52% of the variance of social interactions. Multivariate is more suitable than regression model. In general, the effect of space layout indicators on social interactions is as follows: in the traditional market, the index of interconnectedness, depth, connection, selection, and access have the largest share of influence on social interactions. In the Alborz commercial complex, the indicators of clarity, connection, interconnection, access and control respectively have the most impact on social interaction. Also, in the Mehrumah complex, clarity, coherence, accessibility and connection have the greatest impact on the social interaction of users.
Conclusion
Based on the separation of study spaces, the effect of space layout on the quality of social interactions is as follows:- Traditional commercial spaces: In the traditional market, the index of interconnectedness, depth, connection, choice and access respectively have the largest share of influence on social interactions, and based on the analysis of deepmap maps and spatial features, traditional market rows can be considered as a space that encourages citizens. It can be defined that according to it, access to other spaces of the market is easy and causes spatial coherence in the structure of the market.- Contemporary commercial spaces: in the Alborz commercial complex, the indicators of clarity, connection, interconnectedness, access and control respectively have the most impact on social interaction. Also, in the Mehrumah complex, clarity, coherence, accessibility and connection have the most effective contribution in the social interaction of users, which these components are due to the connection of the floors of the complex by means of a slope and also the presence of community-oriented spaces, such as the provision of art services in the space of the complex. which has a lot of access can be explained.
the components of spatial configuration included depth, interconnectedness, access, continuity (connection),clarity,control,choice and perception of space, based on the analysis of each, the perceptual characteristics of users of space can be presented. In response to the main question of the research, considering the architectural structure of study spaces in traditional commercial spaces, depth, connection, choice and access can be considered as effective factors in creating community-oriented spaces. Also, based on the application of studies in contemporary commercial spaces, clarity, interconnectedness, access and connection were considered as effective factors in social interaction.